Description
E-Mobility is one option for a Smart Grid in respect to the integration of energy storage and therefore the integration of renewable energies. Furthermore it would serve the conservation of individual mobility in times of decreasing fossil fuel supply. The full scope of its capability, however, can only be achieved by seamless integration into a Smart Grid architecture. E-Mobility provides a large, flexible load and storage capacity for the Smart Grid. This however depends on the use case, some of which are not capable of contributing to these advantages. Basic charging (charging the car at a plug existing today) does not offer the full scope of possibilities from a Smart Grid perspective.
A seamless integration can be provided through bidirectional power flow, utilization of manageable loads and necessary information exchange between onboard and grid automation, including price information.
E-Mobility will serve the following functions:
· a primary,secondary, tertiary reserve;
· a
manageable load;
· power system stabilization;
· power
quality;
· load levelling;
· load
shedding;
· individual mobility (not relevant for Smart Grid);
· energy
conservation (increased efficiency compared to combustion engines) under the constraint of fulfilling environmental constraints.
Total electrification of the vehicle will furthermore promote the role of IEC standards in the vehicle domain. This has to urgently be dealt with, however it is not within the scope of a Smart Grid discussion.
Available standards
The standards listed below are available on IEC webstore.
|
Layer |
Standard |
Title and comments |
|
Information, Communication |
IEC 61968 series |
Application integration at electric utilities – System interfaces for distribution management Common Information Model (CIM) / Distribution Management |
|
Information, Communication |
IEC 61970 series |
Energy management system application program interface (EMS-API) |
|
Information, Communication |
IEC 61850-7-420 |
Communication networks and systems for power utility automation – Part 7-420: Basic communication structure – Distributed energy resources logical nodes |
|
Information |
IEC TR 61850-90-8 |
IEC 61850 object models for electric mobility |
|
Information, Communication |
ISO 15118 series |
Road vehicles – Vehicle to grid communication interface Communication protocol between electric vehicle and the EV supply equipment |
|
Communication |
IEC 62351 series |
Power systems management and associated information exchange – Data and communications security Cyber-security aspects (see 4.10.4) |
|
Communication |
IEC 62443 series |
Industrial communication networks – Network and system security |
|
Information, Communication, Component |
IEC 61851 series |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system |
|
Component |
IEC 61851-21-1(:2017) |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 21-1 Electric vehicle on-board charger EMC requirements for conductive connection to AC/DC supply |
|
Component |
IEC 61851-21-2(:2018) |
This first edition, together with IEC 61851-21-1, cancels and replaces IEC 61851-21:2001. It constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC 61851‑21:2001: a) this document addresses now only EMC related tests instead of other electrical tests; b) Clauses 2 and 3 have been updated; c) the port definition, the test-setups and their corresponding limits as well as the operation modes are defined more precisely; d) Annexes A to F have been added. |
|
Component |
IEC 61851-1 (:2017) |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system – Part 1: General requirements |
|
Component |
IEC 61851-23 |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system – Part 23: DC electric vehicle charging station |
|
Communication |
IEC 61851-24 |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system – Part 24: Digital communication between a d.c. EV charging station and an electric vehicle for control of d.c. charging |
|
Component |
IEC 60364 series |
Low-voltage electrical installations |
|
Component |
IEC 60364-4-41 |
Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock |
|
Component |
IEC 60364-5-53 |
Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-53: Selection and erection of electrical equipment – Isolation, switching and control |
|
Component |
IEC 60364-5-55 |
Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-55: Selection and erection of electrical equipment – Other equipment |
|
Component |
IEC 60364-7-712 |
Electrical installations of buildings – Part 7-712: Requirements for special installations or locations – Solar photovoltaic (PV) power supply systems |
|
Component |
IEC 60364-7-722 |
Electrical installations of buildings – Part 7-722: Requirements for special installations or locations – Supplies for electric vehicles |
|
Component |
ISO 8713 |
Electrically propelled road vehicles – Terminology |
|
Component |
IEC 61894 |
Preferred sizes and voltages of battery monoblocs for electric vehicle applications |
|
Component |
IEC 61980 series |
Electric vehicle wireless power transfer systems (WPT) |
|
Component |
IEC 61982 series |
Secondary batteries (except lithium) for the propulsion of electric road vehicles – Performance and endurance tests |
|
Component |
IEC 62196 series |
Plugs, socket-outlets, vehicle couplers and vehicle inlets – Conductive charging of electric vehicles |
|
Component |
ISO 6469 |
Electrically propelled road vehicles – Safety specifications |
|
Component |
IEC 61851-25 |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 25: DC EV supply equipment where protection relies on electrical separation |
|
Component |
IEC 62576 |
Electric double-layer capacitors for use in hybrid electric vehicles - Test methods for electrical characteristics |
|
Component |
IEC 62840-series |
Electric vehicle battery swap system |
|
Communication |
IEC 63110-series (partly) |
Protocol for management of electric vehicles charging and discharging infrastructures |
|
Communication |
IEC 63119-series (partly) |
Information exchange for electric vehicle charging roaming service. |
|
Component |
ISO 17409 |
Electrically propelled road vehicles -- Connection to an external electric power supply -- Safety requirements. |
|
Component |
IEC 62909-1:2017 |
Bi-directional grid connected power converters - Part 1: General requirements |
|
Component |
IEC 62909-2:2019 |
Bi-directional grid-connected power converters - Part 2: Interface of GCPC and distributed energy resources |
|
Component |
IEC 62933 series |
Electrical energy storage (EES) systems |
|
Other Specifications |
||
|
Component |
SAE J standards |
J2836 (use cases), J2847 (requirements), and J2931 (protocol) to address: Utility programs, DC Charging, Reverse power flow, Diagnostics, Customer to PEV and HAN, and wireless power flow.J3072-2023 Interconnection Requirements for Onboard, Grid Support Inverter Systems |
|
Information, Communication |
IEEE 2030.5 |
Smart Energy Profile 2.0 |
|
Information, Communication |
OCPP |
Open Charge Point Protocol. |
Coming standards
|
Layer |
Standard |
Title and comments |
|
Component |
IEC 60364-7-722 |
Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 7-722: Requirements for special installations or locations – Supplies for electric vehicles |
|
Vocabulary |
IEC 60050-YYY |
EV Supply Equipment – Part YYY Vocabulary |
|
Component |
IEC 61851-26 |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 26: EV supply equipment with automated connection of a vehicle coupler located at the underbody of an electric vehicle |
|
Component |
IEC 61851-27 |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 27: EV supply equipment with automated connection of a vehicle coupler according to IEC 62196-2 or IEC 62196-3 |
|
Communication |
IEC 63110-series |
Protocol for management of electric vehicles charging and discharging infrastructures |
|
Communication |
IEC 63119-series |
Information exchange for electric vehicle charging roaming service. |
|
|
|
|
|
Communication |
IEC 63380-series |
Local Charging station management systems and Local Energy Management Systems network connectivity and information exchange |
|
Communication |
IEC 63382-series |
Management of Distributed Energy Storage Systems based on Electrically Chargeable Vehicles (ECV-DESS) |
|
Component & communication |
IEC SRD 63460 |
Architecture and use-cases for EVs to provide grid support functions |
|
Vocabulary |
IEC TR 63393 |
Electrical systems for electric road vehicles and electric industrial trucks - Common items of TC 69 publications |
|
Component |
IEC 61851-23-1 |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 23-1: DC electric vehicle charging station with an automated connection device |
|
Component |
IEC 61851-23-3 |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 23-3: DC electric vehicle supply equipment for Megawatt charging systems |
|
Component & communication |
IEC 61851-3-series |
Electric Vehicles conductive power supply system - Part 3-1: DC EV supply equipment where protection relies on double or reinforced insulation |
|
Communication |
IEC 62746-4 ED.1 |
Systems interface between customer energy management system and the power management system - Part 4: Demand Side Resource Interface |
|
Communication |
IEC 63402-1 ED.1 |
Energy Efficiency Systems - Smart Grid - Customer Energy Management Systems - General Requirements and Architecture |
|
Component |
ISO 5474 series |
Electrically propelled road vehicles — Functional requirements and safety requirements for power transfer — Part 1: General requirements for conductive power transfer |
Mapping of standards
on the component layer
The E-mobility System component architecture may be interfaced following the Figure above.
Mapping of standards
on the communication layer
Please refer to IEC TR 63097:2017 section 4.10.4 for details on cyber-security standards and more specifically on where and how to apply the IEC 62351 series and/or other cyber-security mechanisms.
This set of standards can be positioned on the communication layer of SGAM as shown in Figure above.
Mapping of standards
on the information layer
See Figure above.