The use case approach, key for Smart Energy requirements collection
Smart Grid is a means to support a set of applications, and standards are there to enable applications to be deployed. This means that the standardization process should offer a formal path between the application as “requested” by Smart Grid and the standards themselves, i.e. a “top-down” process.
For many reasons (including historical, organisational, technology maturity), in many cases, this path has not been the one implemented, leading to inconsistencies between standards, gaps and overlaps, or was partly implemented but with weak leak with other domains of expertise.
The challenge of IEC is to progressively promote this approach to all concerned TCs, but also provide guidance, technical framework, processes and tools to support it, and reach the expected consistency. This is one of the main challenges of the IEC System Committee.
This leads to the formalization of functional requirements, in a way which is independent from the body in charge of defining a standard, and which will ensure consistency within the smart grid system, i.e.:
• a single repository, where such definitions of functional requirements are hosted in a way that collaboration is supported, while different groups from different domains can work separately;
• a single glossary harmonized with IEC’s terminology database(s);
• a single list of actors and roles for each domain;
• a single method.
A use case-driven approach is necessary for a top-down development of standards. From a use case perspective actors and deliverables are identified and requirements are derived. This is the base for future system approach in standardization.
Here is the list of available and coming standards.
Available standards
Layer/Type |
Standard |
Comments |
|
General |
IEC 60050 series |
International Electrotechnical Vocabulary also available on www.electropedia.org |
|
General |
IEC 61360 series |
Database standards – may be a good support for incremental approach of the Smart grid (example : Actors list or use cases management) |
|
Function |
IEC/PAS 62559 |
Template for specifying Energy systems–related use cases |
|
General |
IEC 62559-2 |
Use case methodology. Part 2: Definition of use case template, actor list and requirement list |
Coming standards
Layer/Type |
Standard |
Comments |
|
General |
IEC 62559-1 |
Use case methodology – Part 1: Concept and processes in standardization |
|
General |
IEC 62559-3 |
Use case methodology – Part 3: Definition of use case template artefacts into an XML serialized format |
|
General |
IEC TS 62913-1 |
Generic Smart Grid Requirements – Part 1: Specific application of Method and Tools for defining Generic Smart Grid Requirements |
|
Business/Function |
IEC TS 62913-2-1 |
Generic Smart Grid Requirements – Part 2-1: Grid related Domains |
|
Business/Function |
IEC TS 62913-2-2 |
Generic Smart Grid Requirements – Part 2-2: Market related Domain |
|
Business/Function |
IEC TS 62913-2-3 |
Generic Smart Grid Requirements – Part 2-3: Resources connected to the Grid Domains |
|
Business/Function |
IEC TS 62913-2-4 |
Generic Smart Grid Requirements – Part 2-4: Electric Transportation Domain |
System Capabilities list
System capabilities express the first level of functional assessment of Use cases supported by a given system. The list below sums-up the system capabilities for all the systems presented in the
system break down of the Smart Energy domain
Cluster |
System Capabilities |
|
Access Control (Substation Remote Access Example) |
Local access to devices residing in a substation, with higher level support (e.g. control centre) for authentication and authorization |
|
Local access to devices residing in a substation, with substation local authentication and authorization |
|
|
Remote access to devices residing in a substation, with higher level support (e.g. control centre) for authentication and authorization using a separate VPN |
|
|
Remote access to devices residing in a substation, with higher level support (e.g. control centre) for authentication and authorization using a communication protocol inherent security means |
|
|
Remote access to devices residing in a substation, with substation local authentication and authorization using a separate VPN |
|
|
Remote access to devices residing in a substation, with substation local authentication and authorization using a communication protocol inherent security means |
|
|
(AMI) Billing |
Obtain scheduled meter reading |
|
Set billing parameters |
|
|
Add credit |
|
|
Execute supply control |
|
|
Billing |
Obtain meter reading data |
|
Support prepayment functionality |
|
|
Manage tariff settings on the metering system |
|
|
Consumer move-in/move-out |
|
|
Supplier change |
|
|
Blackout management |
Blackout prevention through WAMS |
|
Provision of black start facilities for grid restoration |
|
|
Restore power after blackout |
|
|
Shedding loads based on emergency signals |
|
|
Under frequency shedding |
|
|
(AMI) Collect events and status information |
Manage supply quality |
|
(AMI) Configure events, statuses and actions |
Configure meter events and actions |
|
Manage events |
|
|
Retrieve AMI component information |
|
|
Check device availability |
|
|
Connect an active actor to the grid |
Managing generation connection to the grid |
|
Managing micro-grid transitions |
|
|
Controlling the grid (locally/ remotely) manually or automatically |
Enable multiple concurrent levels of control (local-remote) |
|
Feeder load balancing |
|
|
Switch/breaker control |
|
|
Customer |
Change of transport capacity responsible |
|
Change of balance responsible party |
|
|
Change of metered responsible |
|
|
Change of supplier |
|
|
End of metered data responsible |
|
|
End of supply |
|
|
Notify meter point characteristics |
|
|
Query metering point characteristics |
|
|
Request metering point characteristics |
|
|
(AMI) Customer information provision |
Provide information to consumer |
|
Demand and production (generation) flexibility |
Generation forecast |
|
Load forecast |
|
|
Load forecast of a bunch of prosumers in a DR program (from remote) |
|
|
Managing energy consumption or generation of DERs via local DER energy management system bundled in a DR program |
|
|
Managing energy consumption or generation of DERs and EVSE via local DER energy management system to increase local self-consumption |
|
|
Participating in the electricity market |
|
|
Receiving metrological or price information for further action by consumer or CEM |
|
|
Registration/deregistration of customers in DR program |
|
|
Registration/deregistration of DER in DR program |
|
|
(AMI) Energy market events |
Manage consumer moving in |
|
Manage customer gained |
|
|
Manage customer lost |
|
|
Manage customer moving out |
|
|
Exchange of metered data |
Measure collected data |
|
Measure for imbalance settlement |
|
|
Measure for labelling |
|
|
Measure for reconciliation |
|
|
Measure, determine meter read |
|
|
Measure, determine meter read for switch |
|
|
Flexibility markets |
Operate flexibility markets |
|
Generation Maintenance |
Commissioning and Maintenance strategy (CMMS) definition |
|
Collection of additional maintenance counters for Boiler and Steam Turbine stress |
|
|
Collection of switching cycles and operating hours (maintenance counters) |
|
|
Condenser maintenance optimization |
|
|
Condition based operational advisories |
|
|
Field alarms collection for maintenance |
|
|
Field data collection for corrective and reactive maintenance |
|
|
Field data collection for predictive or condition based maintenance |
|
|
Field data collection for preventive maintenance |
|
|
Risk assessment |
|
|
Generation Operation Scheduling |
Ancillary services and reserve products control |
|
Day-ahead fleet scheduling |
|
|
Day-ahead hydro plant valley scheduling |
|
|
Fuel and other resources allocation, cogeneration and other by-products production |
|
|
Intra-day fleet scheduling |
|
|
Plant scheduling |
|
|
Generation Transverse |
Emissions compliance assessment |
|
Emissions reporting |
|
|
Equipment actual availability monitoring |
|
|
Performance monitoring |
|
|
Permit to work management |
|
|
Plant capability estimation |
|
|
Production reporting |
|
|
Grid reliability using market-based mechanisms |
Manage (auction/resale/curtailment) transmission capacity rights on interconnectors |
|
Consolidate and verify energy schedules |
|
|
Operate (register/bidding/clearing/publishing) Ancillary Services Markets |
|
|
Solve balancing issues through Balancing Market |
|
|
Solve grid congestion issues through Balancing Market |
|
|
Grid stability |
Monitoring and reduce harmonic mitigation |
|
Monitoring and reduce power oscillation damping |
|
|
Monitoring and reduce voltage flicker |
|
|
Stabilizing network by reducing sub-synchronous resonance (Sub synchronous damping) |
|
|
Stabilizing network after fault condition (Post-fault handling) |
|
|
(AMI) Installation and configuration |
AMI component discovery and communication setup |
|
Clock synchronization |
|
|
Configure AMI device |
|
|
Security (Configuration) Management |
|
|
Maintaining grid assets |
Archive maintenance information |
|
Monitoring assets conditions |
|
|
Optimize field crew operation |
|
|
Supporting periodic maintenance (and planning) |
|
|
Manage commercial relationship for electricity supply |
Further from ESMIG |
|
Further suggestions to market |
|
|
Invoicing customers |
|
|
Registration/deregistration of customers |
|
|
Managing power quality |
Frequency support |
|
Voltage regulation |
|
|
VAR regulation |
|
|
Market Settlements |
Perform measurement and validation (M and V) |
|
Perform settlements |
|
|
Monitor AMI event |
Install, configure and maintain the metering system |
|
Manage power quality data |
|
|
Manage outage data |
|
|
Manage the network using metering system data |
|
|
Manage interference to metering system |
|
|
Enable and disable the metering system |
|
|
Display messages |
|
|
Facilitate DER for network operation |
|
|
Facilitate demand response actions |
|
|
Interact with devices at the premises |
|
|
Manage efficiency measures at the premises using metering system data |
|
|
Demand side management |
|
|
Monitoring the grid flows |
Archive operation information |
|
Capture, expose and analyse disturbance events |
|
|
Monitoring electrical flows |
|
|
Monitoring power quality for operation (locally) |
|
|
Producing, exposing and logging time-stamped events |
|
|
Supporting time-stamped alarms management at all levels |
|
|
Operate DER(s) |
Aggregate DER as commercial VPP |
|
Aggregate DER as technical VPP |
|
|
DER performance management |
|
|
DER process management |
|
|
DER process management with reduced power output |
|
|
DER remote control (dispatch) |
|
|
Registration/deregistration of DER in VPP |
|
|
Store energy from the grid |
|
|
Operate wholesale electricity market |
Receive energy offers and bids |
|
Clear day-ahead market |
|
|
Clear intraday market |
|
|
Clear real-time market |
|
|
Publish market results |
|
|
Protecting the grid assets |
Perform networked protection logic (Intertripping, logic selectivity, etc.) |
|
Perform networked security logic (Interlocking, local/remote) |
|
|
Protect a single equipment (Incomer/feeder, Transformer, Generator) |
|
|
Protect a zone outside of the substation boundary |
|
|
Set/change protection parameters |
|
|
Provide and collect contractual measurements |
Collect metered data (for revenue purpose) |
|
Cross border transmission systems |
|
|
Measuring and exposing energy flows for revenue purpose (smart meter) |
|
|
Measuring and exposing power quality parameters for revenue purpose (smart meter) |
|
|
Transmission system/ distribution borders |
|
|
Reconfiguring the network in case of fault |
Supporting automatic FLISR |
|
Supporting reclosing sequence |
|
|
Supporting source switching |
|
|
Secure adequacy of supply |
Operate capacity markets |
|
System and security management |
User management |
|
Role management |
|
|
Rights/privileges management |
|
|
Key management |
|
|
Events management |
|
|
Configure newly discovered device automatically to act within the system |
|
|
Discover a new component in the system |
|
|
Distributing and synchronizing clocks |
|
|
Trading front office operation |
Bid into energy markets |
|
Compute optimized assets schedules to match commercial contracts |
|
|
Send assets schedules to operation systems |
|
|
Bid into ancillary services markets |
|
|
Purchase transmission capacity rights |
|
|
Nominate schedules to system operator |
|
|
Send market schedules to operation systems |
|
|
Publish market results |
|
|
Perform M and V |
|
|
Perform shadow settlements |
|
|
Weather condition forecasting and observation |
Wind forecasting |
|
Solar forecasting |
|
|
Temperature forecasting |
|
|
Providing weather observations |
|
|
Situational alerting |
|
|
Connecting industry grid users |
Facility and smart grid obtain current and past energy information |
|
Facility provides energy consumption and supply plan to smart grid |
|
|
Smart grid provides stable (long term) price schedule to facility |
|
|
Smart grid provides dynamic (short term) pricing to facility |
|
|
Facility informs smart grid about upcoming consumption and supply |
|
|
Smart grid informs facility of blackout notice |
|
|
Smart grid requests facility to alter consumption or supply |
|
|
Facility and smart grid negotiate price schedule |